Roots need oxygen, and water fills the pore space that delivered it. The tree is suffocating rather than drowning, and fine absorbing roots die within days in oxygen-free soil, so the tree shows drought symptoms while standing in water. Past the root loss, saturated soil shifts chemically and favors water-mold pathogens like Phytophthora that attack the root collar. Saturated soil also grips a root plate far more weakly than dry soil does, so a tree that was stable last week may not be this week. In Greenwood — Old Town Greenwood, Green Valley and Imperial Hills included, that's normally a hazardous tree removal job at $800–$5,000. Within days.
Why this comes up in Greenwood
Greenwood is split between Duke Energy Indiana and Johnson County REMC (JCREMC). That split matters: the IURC's tree-trimming rules (170 IAC 4-9, from Cause No. 43663) bind only investor-owned utilities like Duke — two weeks' notice, no removing more than 25% of your tree and no topping without your permission, debris cleared within three days. JCREMC is a member-owned cooperative and is not covered by those rules; it runs its own trim rotation.
Greenwood's canopy
Two separate canopies in one city. The pre-1960 blocks around Old Town and near County Line Road hold Greenwood's only genuinely mature shade trees — just 9% of the housing stock predates 1960 — while the subdivisions east of I-65 are 2000s-era plantings still small enough to prune off a ladder. Ash is functionally gone: emerald ash borer has been confirmed in Indiana since April 2004 and is now in all 92 counties.
Johnson County rules
No permit is required to remove a tree on private property in Greenwood. Tree rules in the city code are all about new development and the public way: the UDO's landscaping standards require street trees along frontage and give credit for preserving existing large-caliper trees, separate provisions restrict planting in the public way, and the Stormwater Department's Easement Encroachment Permit is required before planting any tree or shrub inside an existing drainage or utility easement. The specific UDO section numbers and planting ratios could not be verified against the live code — confirm with Planning and the Stormwater Department. Cutting down your own backyard tree needs nothing.
The tree lawn in Greenwood
The strip between sidewalk and street is public right-of-way. Greenwood's UDO governs where required street trees are placed relative to the curb and sidewalk, but that placement rule could not be confirmed against the live code, so check with the Planning Department before assuming a given curb-strip tree is the city's problem or yours. One exception worth knowing: County Line Road, Greenwood's northern boundary, is under the control of the City of Indianapolis, not Greenwood, per the city's own comprehensive plan.