
Textbook Rhizosphaera runs bottom-up and inside-out — the oldest interior needles on the lowest branches turn purplish-brown and drop, leaving bare twigs with only current-year needles at the tips, and it climbs a whorl or two per year. Count needle years to separate stress from dying: a healthy spruce holds five to seven years of needles, so a branch carrying one year with the bare zone already above head height is functionally finished, while damage confined to the bottom whorl with a dense top is still treatable. Resin bleeding on dead lower limbs means Cytospora on top of it, and that combination is a removal.
Purdue's position is blunt: blue spruce is a poor landscape choice for Indiana, because a Rocky Mountain tree adapted to dry cool air is being asked to live in humid heat on compacted clay. The result is that nearly every mature blue spruce in central Indiana is somewhere along the road to Rhizosphaera needle cast, and the call is almost always "half my tree is bare, can it be saved."