Answered for New Palestine, Hancock County.
The cambium — the living layer just under the bark that builds new wood and moves food down to the roots — was killed in that patch, and the tree is now conducting around a dead strip. A narrow strip gets grown over in a few seasons and leaves a scar. A strip that wraps far enough around leaves the tree partly girdled, and the crown above it thins as the remaining live tissue gets overloaded. Either way the exposed wood becomes an open invitation to borers and canker fungi that would not touch intact bark. In New Palestine — Willow Ridge, Centennial North and Noelting Estates included, that's normally a tree trimming job at $250–$1,400. Not urgent.
NOAA's storm database records repeated straight-line wind damage rather than tornadoes at New Palestine: May 28, 2017, 65 mph put trees and power lines down across roads in and near town; June 18, 2021 dropped trees across roads at New Palestine plus other nearby locations; June 12, 2021 snapped large limbs just off US 52; July 17, 2023 damaged trees and stripped shingles; May 16, 2019 downed power lines. The June 29, 2023 central Indiana derecho crossed the county with a measured 60 mph gust at 1 SW Greenfield. No tornado is recorded at New Palestine itself in the NWS Indianapolis Hancock County list, whose named locations are McCordsville, Eden, Fortville and Greenfield.
New Palestine appears in no published street-tree inventory. Because the bulk of the housing is post-1990 subdivision on former cropland, the dominant condition is young-to-middle-aged planted stock, with ash already removed statewide by emerald ash borer.
There is no tree removal permit in New Palestine — the code has no tree removal provision for private property, and Indiana has no statewide permit. What the town regulates is planting: Chapter 55 (Ord. 51888) is reported to make it unlawful to plant trees, shrubs or any plant life other than grass between the sidewalk and the curb anywhere in town, effective May 18, 1988, with § 56.02 permitting shade and ornamental trees on your own lot at least six feet back from the front property line. None of that could be verified from a retrievable primary source — treat the planting ban as UNVERIFIED and confirm with Town Hall before planting anything in the strip.
The strip between sidewalk and curb is public and the town dictates what goes in it. The town's reported grass-only rule for that strip could not be verified, so confirm with Town Hall before planting a replacement tree there; a homeowner who wants a replacement may in any case have to put it on the lot behind the front property line.
4621 S Brooklawn Dr, New Palestine, IN 46163
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646 S 600 W Building #5, New Palestine, IN 46163
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5067 W US Hwy 40, Greenfield, IN 46140
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52 525W, Greenfield, IN 46140
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2067 Sunshine Dr, Greenfield, IN 46140
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11219 House St, Indianapolis, IN 46259
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Distance measured from New Palestine.